Homo sapiens’ Origin is Not Africa: Looking into Evidences of Man’s True Origin

There is a common nonion that small-arms birthplace is Africa. Dr. Chuchward, a known anthropologist, confirmed earlier findings of anthropologists (through mental testing of fogy remains) embed push through that the oldest ancestors of the hu human race rail lineated in Africa. mavin of the anthropologists who ventured into Africa to study human fossil is Dr. Leakey (Origin of Man Human Beginnings 1). In 1963, Leakey instal human fossils dating back to 1. 2 million classs ago in einsteinium Africa (Rift valley Region), the oldest known fossils of hominids (Origin of Man Human Beginnings 1).The opening was emphasized in many documentaries, usually sponsored by the National geographical or the American Anthropological Society. Much of the content of these documentaries pointed mans line of descent in the Rift Valley region in East Africa. On January 11, 1988, the Newsweek Magazine published an article entitled The Search for turn and Eve. DNA tracing proved that the transmission line of man can be institute to a single woman who lived in Sub-Saharan Africa surrounded by 80 000 and cc 000 eld ago (Origin of Man Human Beginnings 1).Her posterity migrated first to the Arabian Peninsula, thusly to India and Europe and to the rest of the world. This was confirmed by a nonher scientist, Dr. Eric Higgs of Cambridge University. By studying the ancient migration of men, he theorized that the first man of Europe was from central and east Africa. It was ab out(a) 200 00 years ago (prior to the Ice Age). Professor Chester Chard of the University of Wisconsin noted was able to prove that in that respect existed in the remote yesteryear migration routes. Much of the routes origin is in Africa. Dr.Leakey in one case said that it is inconceivable that man, the most curious and mobile of all animals, would not have come to America when the elephants, the tapirs and the deer came from Asia man spread out from Africa to Asia to Europe (Origin of Man Hum an Beginnings 1). This view of mans origin had been confirmed and reconfirmed by the succeeding generation of anthropologists. For example, in 19888, Christopher Stringer and Peter Andrews pointed out that mankind sapiens had evolved from a world erectus group some 200 000 years ago (Bakalar1). This Homo erectus group later became extinct and replaced by their descendants, the Homo sapiens.Homo sapiens later migrated to Asia, Europe, and to the rest of the world. A known geologist, privy Martyn was able to recover human fossils in the Great Rift Valley (in Kenya). Using a new method of dating fossils, he found out that the human skulls were 2. 4 million years old. Recently, some scientists argon challenging the assumption that mans origin is Africa. Professor robin redbreast Dennell of the University of Sheffield in England and Wil Roebroeks of Leiden University in the Netherlands believed that betimes human fossils discovered over the preceding(a) ten years indicate that hum anlike or subhuman species had its origin in Asia (Bakalar 1).They pointed to deuce of import finds of the century. A 1. 75 million year old small brained human fossils was found in Dmanisi, Georgia indicating that it was the descendant of Homo erectus living in the Asian continent in the past 2 million years. Another 18 000 year old hobbit fossils was found in the island of Flores in Indonesia (Bakalar 1). The dickens scientists theorized that because of the relatively small brains of the new-fashioned finds, large-scale migration is not possible. Professor Dennell said, What seems reasonably clear now is that the earliest hominins in Asia did not need large brains or bodies (prerequisite for migration).The two argued that there were no fossil or archeological produces to support the claim that early human being moved from southern Africa to the Nile Valley in thee early Pleistocene dot about 1. 8 million years ago to 11 euchre years ago (Bakalar 1). They also argued that th ough the earliest evidence of a human ancestor in Asia appe bed about 1. 8 million years ago (based from a human cranium found in Mojokerto, Indonesia), it cannot be said that no older specimens can be found in Asia.To support this claim, Stringer said Evidence of humans in the Caucasus region of Asia, China, and Java much than 1.6 million years ago implies either a very speedy spread from Africa after 1. 8 million years ago, or that such(prenominal) populations were established outside Africa earlier than present evidence suggests (Bakalar 2). He added that fast migration out of Africa was not possible owing to the item that early climate pr raseted homo species from migrating out of Africa. The two said that most interpretations of early and recent findings pointed that the earliest human tools found in the Asian continent are usually attributed to Homo erectus (species usually thought of having its origin from Africa).H. ergaster is an African species off-key by many scienti sts as both the progenitor of Homo erectus and the merely primate capable of migrating out of Africa (Bakalar 2). The body form of H. ergaster is the final proof that it is the remote ancestors of the Homo sapiens. Its body has humanlike proportions its brain is capable of nurture 9e. g. how to hunt game animals). There is though one flaw in this argument. Australopithecines (which is an older form of humanlike primates had virtually colonized the African region by 3. 5 million years ago.Similar grasslands across-the-board across Asia at the time, suggesting that Australopithecines could have survived quite well in the region, the authors said. Added to that, fossil evidence for H. ergaster in the early Pleistocene period is for the most part unknown. This suggests that H. ergaster was not able to migrate out of Africa by the time Asia was teeming with early men (Bakalar 2). This interpretation was supported by the discovery of human fossils in Flores, Indonesia. The discovered fossils were named as H. floresiensis (Asian origin). Two facts were really staggering for many scientists.The senesce of the fossils was relatively the same with that of the fossils found in Africa. And, H. floresiensis was capable of making early tools tools which were used in hunting (Bakalar 2). The implication of the first fact is diffusion of early human populations across both the African and Asian continents was generally uniform (by 2. 6 million years ago). The two authors hypothesized that it is possible for either a multiple point origin (found in different split of the world) or a single-point Asian origin of the human species.The two authors noted The unresolved status of intriguing Flores finds attributed to H.floresiensis leaves open the possibility that this species is the end takings and last survivor of an ancient migration of very primitive humans, or even prehumans that formerly existed more widely across Asia (Bakalar 2). The implication of the second fact is stone tools used by early men across Asia did not point to an African origin nor did represent an advanced state of development. Added to that, the two authors concluded that the Dmanisi Georgia hominins are an extremely primitive version of H. erectus that is the ancestor of the H.erectus populations in both Java and those in East Asia (Bakalar 2).Thus, there is a racy probability that the origin of early men rests on the continent of Asia. The guess of Multiregional Evolution was examined in the article of Wolpoff and Caspari entitled No, Homo Sapiens Did not Originate in Africa (in the book Taking Sides, World History, V. 1). The theory fancied that there are multiple points of mans evolution in the remote past. Specifically, this theory adhered to the concept of polytypism. Polytypism is the existence of observable average differences amidst populations.Since different populations of early men differed significantly on certain measurements, multiregionalists argued that patterns of migration wide-ranging across potential routes. Some populations would become isolated, and hence, might show significant differences over the course of time. Some populations might become almost monovular in terms of physiological characteristics because of cultural or biological proximity. Thus, multiregionalists argued that the single-point origin of the human species cannot explain the differences found across early human populations.The two suggested that local evolutionary events took place across the world after the style of Homo sapiens. According to the two, populations of Homo evolved from a single species. Thus, the propensity of speciation mingled with Pleistocene human populations was not possible (speciation is the splitting of one species into two) (Mitchell and Mitchell, 12-13). This surmisal became a point of challenge to the prevailing Out of Africa Model which states that Homo sapiens evolved recently as a new species in Africa, and then dispersed throughout the world (by routes).The Out of Africa Model also claimed that Homo sapiens were responsible for replacing the existing human populations of those regions without biologically admixture with them. The two pointed out that evidences of an earlier revolution took place in a small group isolated from australopithecine species. Thus, Homo sapiens remained significantly different from australopithecines in both anatomy and physiology (Mitchell and Mitchell, 13-15).